Alumina ceramics also known as precision ceramics, special ceramics, or High-tech ceramics. It is a highly selected raw material, according to special manufacturing process production, can accurately control the chemical composition and excellent performance of ceramics.

At present, alumina ceramics are mainly used in High-tech and cutting-edge industries, such as microelectronics, nuclear reactors, aerospace, magnetic fluid power generation, artificial bone and artificial joints. Alumina ceramics in the manufacturing process, should meet the following three requirements:

① selection of raw materials to choose high-purity, particles should be as thin as possible;

② strictly controls the chemical composition. In the manufacturing process to prevent impurities and the composition of the volatile, the sintered parts of the particle size, interface, pores, etc. to be strictly controlled to achieve quality stability and reproducibility;

③ precise shape and size. Alumina ceramic parts are generally not processed, direct use, especially ceramic electronic devices require a higher precision.

There is a great difference in composition and manufacturing process between alumina ceramics and ordinary ceramics. Ordinary ceramics are made of three processes, such as raw material preparation, billet forming and kiln firing, while alumina ceramics are mostly made by powder sintering. In the forming technology, because the hardness of ceramics is very high, difficult to cut processing, especially for the shape of the complex products, such as automotive engine turbocharger rotor, bones, teeth and other bio-ceramic products, after the formation of sintering is finished, no need to process. In order to meet this requirement, people imitate the injection molding technology of polymer material industry to produce the method of plastic parts, processing alumina ceramic products, and achieved satisfactory results.

The structure of alumina ceramic material belongs to corundum type, which has the characteristics of ionic bond, which makes the slip system far less than metal, which leads to its lack of toughness and plasticity. Therefore, the performance of the fracture toughness is low, which greatly restricts the extensive application of alumina porcelain.

The toughening method of alumina ceramics and its main mechanism are introduced briefly in order to bring some basic knowledge of ceramic toughening technology to readers.

Alumina ceramic materials, with high mechanical strength, hardness, high frequency dielectric loss, high temperature insulation resistance, chemical corrosion resistance and good thermal conductivity of excellent comprehensive technical performance. At the same time its source of raw materials, relatively inexpensive prices, processing and manufacturing technology is more mature advantages, it has been widely used in electronics, electrical appliances, machinery, chemicals, textiles, automobiles, metallurgy and aerospace and other industries, has become the world's largest amount of oxide ceramic materials.